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                                  UNITED STATES
                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                             WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

                                 --------------

                                  SCHEDULE 13G

                    UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

                               (AMENDMENT NO. 1)*


                                 Targacept, Inc.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                (Name of Issuer)

                     Common Stock, $.001 par value per share
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                         (Title of Class of Securities)

                                    87611R306
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                 (CUSIP Number)

                                December 31, 2007
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             (Date of Event Which Requires Filing of this Statement)

     Check the appropriate box to designate the rule pursuant to which this
Schedule is filed:

     [ ] Rule 13d-1(b)
     [ ] Rule 13d-1(c)
     [X] Rule 13d-1(d)

*The remainder of this cover page shall be filled out for a reporting person's
initial filing on this form with respect to the subject class of securities, and
for any subsequent amendment containing information which would alter the
disclosures provided in a prior cover page.

The information required in the remainder of this cover page shall not be deemed
to be "filed" for the purpose of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 ("Act") or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section of the Act
but shall be subject to all other provisions of the Act (however, see the
Notes).
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CUSIP NO.  87611R306                   13G                           PAGE 2 OF 9
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ITEM 1(A).    NAME OF ISSUER: Targacept, Inc. (the "Issuer")

ITEM 1(B).    ADDRESS OF ISSUER'S PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES: 200 East First
              Street, Suite 300, Winston-Salem, NC 27101

ITEM 2(A).    NAMES OF PERSONS FILING: Oxford Bioscience Partners IV L.P.
              ("Oxford IV") and mRNA Fund II L.P. ("mRNA II") (collectively, the
              "Funds"); OBP Management IV L.P. ("OBP IV"), which is the sole
              general partner of Oxford IV and mRNA II; and Jeffrey T. Barnes
              ("Barnes"), Jonathan J. Fleming ("Fleming"), Michael E. Lytton
              ("Lytton") and Alan G. Walton ("Walton") (collectively, the
              "General Partners"), who are the general partners of OBP IV. The
              persons named in this paragraph are referred to individually
              herein as a "Reporting Person" and collectively as the "Reporting
              Persons."

ITEM 2(B).    ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL BUSINESS OFFICE OR, IF NONE, RESIDENCE: The
              address of the principal business office of Oxford IV, mRNA II,
              OBP IV, Barnes, Fleming and Lytton is 222 Berkeley Street, Suite
              1650, Boston, Massachusetts 02116. The address of the principal
              business office of Walton is 315 Post Rd. West, Westport,
              Connecticut 06880.

ITEM 2(C).    CITIZENSHIP: The Funds and OBP IV are limited partnerships
              organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. Each of the
              General Partners is a United States citizen.

ITEM 2(D).    TITLE OF CLASS OF SECURITIES: Common Stock, $.001 par value
              ("Common Stock").

ITEM 2(E).    CUSIP NUMBER: 87611R306.

ITEM 3.       IF THIS STATEMENT IS FILED PURSUANT TO SS.SS. 240.13D-1(B) OR
              240.13D-2(B) OR (C), CHECK WHETHER THE PERSON FILING IS A:

              Not applicable.

ITEM 4.       OWNERSHIP.

              Not applicable.

ITEM 5.       OWNERSHIP OF FIVE PERCENT OR LESS OF A CLASS.

              Each Reporting Person has ceased to own beneficially five percent
              (5%) or more of the Issuer's outstanding Common Stock. Mark P.
              Carthy has ceased to be a general partner of OBP IV and
              accordingly is no longer deemed to share the power to direct the
              disposition or vote of record by Oxford IV and mRNAII.

ITEM 6.       OWNERSHIP OF MORE THAN FIVE PERCENT ON BEHALF OF ANOTHER PERSON.

              Not applicable.

ITEM 7.       IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE SUBSIDIARY WHICH ACQUIRED
              THE SECURITY BEING REPORTED ON BY THE PARENT HOLDING COMPANY.

              Not applicable.

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CUSIP NO.  87611R306                   13G                           PAGE 3 OF 9
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ITEM 8.       IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF MEMBERS OF THE GROUP.

              Not applicable. The Reporting Persons expressly disclaim
              membership in a "group" as used in Rule 13d-5(b).

ITEM 9.       NOTICE OF DISSOLUTION OF GROUP.

              Not applicable.

ITEM 10.      CERTIFICATION.

              Not applicable. This statement on Schedule 13G is not filed
              pursuant to Rule 13d-1(b) or Rule 13d-1(c).























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CUSIP NO.  87611R306                   13G                           PAGE 4 OF 9
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                                    SIGNATURE

     After reasonable inquiry and to the best of its knowledge and belief, each
of the undersigned certifies that the information set forth in this statement is
true, complete and correct.

Date: February 11, 2008


OXFORD BIOSCIENCE PARTNERS IV L.P.

By: OBP MANAGEMENT IV L.P.
    General Partner


    By:             *
        ----------------------------
        Jonathan J. Fleming
        General Partner


mRNA FUND II L.P.

By: OBP MANAGEMENT IV L.P.
    General Partner

    By:             *
        ----------------------------
        Jonathan J. Fleming
        General Partner


OBP MANAGEMENT IV L.P.

By:             *
    --------------------------------
    Jonathan J. Fleming
    General Partner


              *
- --------------------------------
Jeffery T. Barnes


              *
- --------------------------------
Jonathan J. Fleming


              *
- --------------------------------
Michael E. Lytton


              *
- --------------------------------
Alan G. Walton

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CUSIP NO.  87611R306                   13G                           PAGE 5 OF 9
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                                    *By: /s/ Raymond Charest
                                         ------------------------------
                                         Raymond Charest
                                         As attorney-in-fact



This Amendment to Schedule 13G was executed by Raymond Charest on behalf of the
individuals listed above pursuant to Powers of Attorney, copies of which are
attached as Exhibit 2.

























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CUSIP NO.  87611R306                   13G                           PAGE 6 OF 9
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                                                                       EXHIBIT 1
                                                                       ---------

                                    AGREEMENT

     Pursuant to Rule 13d-1(k)(1) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
undersigned hereby agree that only one statement containing the information
required by Schedule 13G need be filed with respect to the ownership by each of
the undersigned of shares of stock of Targacept, Inc.

     EXECUTED this 11th day of February, 2008.

OXFORD BIOSCIENCE PARTNERS IV L.P.

By: OBP MANAGEMENT IV L.P.
    General Partner


    By:               *
        ----------------------------
          Jonathan J. Fleming
          General Partner


mRNA FUND II L.P.

By: OBP MANAGEMENT IV L.P.
    General Partner

    By:               *
        ----------------------------
          Jonathan J. Fleming
              General Partner


OBP MANAGEMENT IV L.P.

By:             *
    --------------------------------
    Jonathan J. Fleming
    General Partner


              *
- --------------------------------
Jeffery T. Barnes


              *
- --------------------------------
Jonathan J. Fleming


              *
- --------------------------------
Michael E. Lytton


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CUSIP NO.  87611R306                   13G                           PAGE 7 OF 9
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              *
- --------------------------------
Alan G. Walton




                                    *By: /s/ Raymond Charest
                                         -------------------------
                                         Raymond Charest
                                         As attorney-in-fact



This Amendment to Schedule 13G was executed by Raymond Charest on behalf of the
individuals listed above pursuant to Powers of Attorney, copies of which are
attached as Exhibit 2.




















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CUSIP NO.  87611R306                   13G                           PAGE 8 OF 9
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                                                                       EXHIBIT 2
                                                                       ---------

                                POWER OF ATTORNEY

     KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears
below hereby constitutes and appoints Raymond Charest, Alexia Pearsall and
Jonathan J. Fleming, and each of them, with full power to act without the other,
his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution,
for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities (until
revoked in writing) to sign any and all instruments, certificates and documents
required to be executed on behalf of himself as an individual or in his capacity
as a general partner or authorized signatory, as the case may be, on behalf of
any of Oxford Bioscience Partners IV L.P., mRNA II L.P., or OBP Management IV
L.P., pursuant to section 13 or 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended (the "Exchange Act"), and any and all regulations promulgated thereunder
and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and any other documents in
connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and with any
other entity when and if such is mandated by the Exchange Act or by the By-laws
of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., granting unto said
attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and
every act and thing requisite and necessary fully to all intents and purposes as
he might or could do in person thereby ratifying and confirming all that said
attorney-in-fact and agent, or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or
cause to be done by virtue hereof, or may have done in connection with the
matters described above. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Power of Attorney has been
signed as of the 8th day of April, 2004.


                                OXFORD BIOSCIENCE PARTNERS IV L.P.
                                BY ITS GENERAL PARTNER, OBP MANAGEMENT IV L.P.

                                By: /s/ Jonathan Fleming
                                    ------------------------------
                                Name: Jonathan J. Fleming
                                Title: General Partner


                                MRNA FUND II L.P.
                                BY ITS GENERAL PARTNER, OBP MANAGEMENT IV L.P.

                                By: /s/ Jonathan Fleming
                                    ------------------------------
                                Name: Jonathan J. Fleming
                                Title: General Partner


                                OBP MANAGEMENT IV L.P.

                                By: /s/ Jonathan Fleming
                                    ------------------------------
                                Name: Jonathan J. Fleming
                                Title: General Partner


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CUSIP NO.  87611R306                   13G                           PAGE 9 OF 9
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                                /s/ Jeffrey T. Barnes
                                ----------------------------------
                                Jeffrey T. Barnes


                                /s/ Mark P. Carthy
                                ----------------------------------
                                Mark P. Carthy


                                /s/ Jonathan J. Fleming
                                ----------------------------------
                                Jonathan J. Fleming


                                /s/ Michael E. Lytton
                                ----------------------------------
                                Michael E. Lytton


                                /s/ Alan G. Walton
                                ----------------------------------
                                Alan G. Walton


                                  Page 9 of 9